Q: What is the current Hebrew month, and how soon before it returns again?

A: The current Hebrew month is Adar Alef, and it will not be back again for two years, until February 2016.

Why? Adar Alef is only present in the Jewish calendar during leap years, which occur in the Jewish calendar seven times per 19 years. When there is a leap year, an extra month is added so that the lunar-based Jewish calendar remains aligned with the solar season. During regular years, there is only one month of Adar; during leap years, there are two: Adar Alef and Adar Bet.  Thus, the next time we will see Adar Alef again will be during the next Jewish leap year, which will take place in 2016.